Fuel-spraying nozzle for internal-combustion engines



May 5, 1925. 1,536,931

A. R. ROBBINS FUEL SPRAYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed May 1'7, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 5, 1925- 1,536,931

' A. R. ROBBINS FUEL SPRAYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES b Filed May 1'7, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 E64. 2 7e Z5 gnoenfoz flea/#5 E Ross/N5,

8% QQQM Patented May 5, 1925 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARCHIE B. ROBBINS, OF SAN DIEGO, (iALIFORNIA.

FUEL-BPB LYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed Kay 17,

v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARoHraR. RoBBINs, a'citizen of the United States, residing at San Diego, in the county of San Diego and State of California, have invented a certain new and useful Fuel SprayingNozzle for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relatesto fuel oil spraying and atomizing means for. internal combustion engines, more particularly for the Diesel or semi-Diesel type, and the objects of my invention are: First, to means of this class for injecting liquid fuel into an internal combustion engine cylinder in a fine spray in various directions and simultaneously atomizing the li uid fuel; second, to provide a means of this class in which the orifices, through which the fuel is discharged into the combustion chamber, may be made as small as desired for the breaking up or atomizing of the liquid fuel: third, to provide a means of this class in which gummed oil, carbon or other dirt may be readily and quickly removed or blown out of the orifices through which the fuel oil is discharged into the combustion chamber; fourth, to provide a means of this class in which the member provided with slots, forming said orifices, may be easily released in its support, increasing the size of said orifices, thereby facilitating the removal of gummed oil, carbon or dirt therefrom; fifth, to provide a means of this class by means of which the members supporting the spraying and atomizing members within the engine cylinder may be easily removedfrom said cylinder without being disconnected from the oil supply line and the clogged orifices in said spraying and atomizing members may be easily, quickly and eiiiciently cleaned by slightly releasing said members and forcing oil under high pressure therethrough; sixth, to provide a means of this class-in which the member provided with slots, forming said orifices, may be easily changed to increase or decrease the supply of fuel oil to the engine cylinder, to more uniformly spray the fuel oil in the engine cylinder, and also to more efliciently atomize the fuel as desired; seventh, to provide a novelly constructed means of this class, and eighth, to provide a means of this class w ich is very simple and economical of construction proportionate to its functions, durrovide a 1928. Serial No. 639,718.

able, efficient, and which will not readily deteriorate or get out of order.

With these and other objects in view, as will appear hereinafter, my invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts and portions as will be hereinafter described in detail and particularly set forth in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the characters of reference thereon, which form a part of this application, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevational view of my spraying and atomizing means, supported in and to an engine cylinder, shown fragmentarily, with the section of the means takenthrough-the middle thereof and showing the same operated by and connected to the cam-shaft of the engine; Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of a portion thereof, taken through 2-2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed sectional elevational view of a fragmentary portion thereof, supported in an engine cylinder, with the section taken through the middle thereof; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional elevational view, taken through the middle of a slightly modified form of construction of my spraying and atomizing means; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational view thereof at a right angle to that of Fig. 4, showing certain parts and portions broken away and in section to facilitate the illustration, and Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view thereof, taken through 66 of Fig. 4.

Like characters of reference refer to similar parts and portions throughout the several views of the drawings.

The supporting member 1, cylinderhead 2, retaining members 3, valve 4, fuel oil connection 5, nozzle tip support retaining member 6, nozzle tip support 7, cone member members, and which also supports the fuel oil connecting means, is supported in a recess 2, extending through the cylinder head 2 of the engine, against a shoulder near the lower end of said recess, and is retained in said position by the retaining members 3 engaging the upper portion of the supporting member and securing the same in the cylinder head. Said supporting memher 1 is provided with a longitudinal bore 1 in which is reci rocally mounted the valve 4, the-lower portion 1" of said longitudinal opening being enlarged to provide a space between the member 1 and the valve rod, which space communicates with a fuel oil connecting member 5 secured near the upper end of said supporting member 1 and is adapted to be connected to a fuel oil supply line under pressure. The lower end of the supporting member 1.is provided with a threaded boss 1, extending into the engine cylinder, on which is adapted to be screwed the nozzle tip support retaining member 6.

The nozzle tip support 7 is provided-with an enlarged, beveled portion 7 atits upper end, which is engaged by a beveled portion of the retaining member 6 and supports the nozzle tip support in position. A cone memher 8 is positioned in beveled recesses between the downwardly extending lug of the supporting member 1 and the upper end of the nozzle tip support to seal the space between said members, and said cone member serves as a seat for the valve 4, which valve extends therein, and also serves as a seat against which is positioned and secured the upper end of the nozzle tip 9. The lower face 8 of the cone member 8 recedes upwardly from its outer portion and corresponds in shape with the upper face of the' nozzle tip 9, there being provided a depression 9 in the upper face of the nozzle tip 9 which communicates with the central hole 8 of the cone member 8 adjacent the valve seat therein and serves as a distributing reservoir for the oil which escapes through the radially positioned slots 9* in the annular, raised portion of said nozzle tip formed by said depression, which slots form orifices between the nozzle tip and the lower face of the cone member 8. The slots 9 of the nozzle tip 9 are provided on one side only in the preferred construction, as shown best in Fig. 2 of the drawings, so that the spraying and atolnizing means, positioned at one side of the engine cylinder, will s ray the fuel to one side only thereof. It wi 1 be noted that by providing orifices between two separate members, formed by a slot in one of said members, the orifices may he made infinitesimally smaller than a drilled orifice or otherwise provided orifice in a single member. The nozzle tip 9 is provided with a downwardly extending portion 9, which extends centrally into the nozzle tip positioning member, which member is externally threaded and screwed into an internally threaded recess at the lower portion of the nozzle tip support 7. The nozzle tip support 7 is cut away at 7, which is on the side of the larger part of the engine cylinder and permits the fuel to be sprayed toward said portion of the cylinder. The nozzle tip support is provided at its upper end with a dowel pin 11 which is adapted to be inserted in a recess in the end of the downwardly extending boss 1 of the member 1 in order to line up the nozzle tip support with the supporting member 1. The nozzle tip is also provided with a transverse hole 9 in one side thereof to position the slots in the upper end of the nozzle tip and direct the same towards the larger portion of the engine cylinder.

The portion of the valve rod extending above the supporting member 1 is provided with an annular shoulder =1, between which and the upper, inner end of the cap 12 is interposed the compression spring 13 for retaining the valve against its seat in the cone member 8, the cap 12 being secured to an upwardly extending, threaded boss 1 of the supporting member 1. There is also provided a stuffing box member 14 at the upper end of the supporting member 1 and around the valve to prevent fuel oil from escaping upwardly, said stufiing box member being retained in position by the nut 15, secured to the upper end of the supporting member 1. The upper end of the rod of the valve 4 is rovided with an internally threaded, annu ar member 16, secured near the end of the valve rod and locked in position by the lock nut 17. Said annular member is adapted to be engaged at its lower face by the bifurcated end 18 of the spray valve lever 18, which is pivctally mounted on the eccentric member 19 secured to he shaft 19, which shaft is revolubly mounted in lugs 2", secured to the cylinder head 2. Said spray valve lever is adapted to be engaged by and shifted at its opposite end by the bolt 20, adjustably secured at one end of the bell crank tumbler 21, which is pivotally mounted on the eccentric member 22 seoured to the shaft 22, connected with the governor and rotatably mounted in the lug 2 secured to the cylinder head. Said bell crank tumbler is provided at its opposite end with a revolubly mounted roller which engages and is adapted to be shifted by a cam 24; on the conventional valve-operating cam-shaft 24, revolubly mounted in the lugs 2 secured to the cylinder head of the engine.

to spray fuel in all directions therein. The nozzle supporting member 7, in this modified form of construction, is reduced at its lower end and provided with an upwardly and inwardly receding shoulder, a ainst which is positioned the. cylindrically s aped nozzle member 25, which is similarly inclined at its upper edge and provided with a. plurality of slots 25, which extend from the inner to the outer portions thereof and form, with the upwardly receding shoulder of the member 7, small outwardly and downwardly directed orifices for the dis char e of fuel oil into the engine cylinder. The lower end of the member 7 is threaded and adapted to receive the retaining nut 26, which secures the nozzle member in position. The member 7 is provided with a plurality of radially positioned holes 7 in line with the slots of the member 25 and communicates with the inner opening 7 which opening is adapted to communicate with the fuel oil supply. A dowel pin 27 is provided in the member 7 and is positioned partially below the shoulder thereof to en age a corresponding notched portion in t e member 25 for lining up the slots in the cylindrical member 25 with the ports 7 d of the member 7. It will be noted in this modified form of construction that the valve extends through the cone member 8 and is seated in the nozzle member support 7, as shown best in Fig. 4 of the drawings. I

Though I .have shown and described a particular construction, combination and arrangement of parts and portions and a certain modification thereof, I do not wish to limited to this particular construction.

combination and arrangement norto the modification, but desire to include in the scope of my invention the construction, combination and arrangement substantially as set'forth in the appended claims.

It is obvious from this construction that there is provided a means for injecting liquid fuel into an internal combustion engine cylinder in a fine spray in. various directions and simultaneously thoroughly atomizing the liquid fuel; that there: is provided a means of this class in which the orifices, through which the fuel is discharged into the combustion chamber, may be made as small as desired for breaking up or atomizin the liquid, fuel, and that, irrespective of the size of said orifices, the gummed oil, carbon or other diit may be easily, readily and nickly removed therefrom or blown out of the orifices; that there is provided a means of this class in which the member provided with slots, forming said orifices, may be easily released in its support, there-- b increasing the size of said orifices and facilitating the removal of the foreign mat.- ter therefrom, and a means in which the members supporting the spraying and atomizing members within the engine-cylinder may be easily removed from said cylinder and connected to the fuel. oil su ply line, thereby facilitating the removal of dirt from said nozzle members; that there is provided a means of this class in which the members provided with the slots, forming said orifices, may be easily changed for others with larger or smaller slots for increasing or decreasing the sup ly of fuel to the engine, for more uniform y spraying the-fueLoil in the engine cylinder, and also for more elliciently atomizing the fuel, as desired, and that there is provided a means of thisclass of novel, simple and economical construction, proportionate to its functions, which is durable, efiicient, and will not readily deteriorate or get out of order.

Having thus described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A means of the class described, including a nozzle member support, adapted to be supported within an engine cylinder, and a nozzle member adjustably supported by said nozzle member support and provided with a plurality of outwardly directed slots in its upper face and communicating with a fuel 7 oil supply line.

2. A means of the class described, including a nozzle member support, ada ted to be supported within an engine cylin er, a nozzle member adjustably supported by-said nozzle member support and provided with a plurality of outwardly directed slots in its upper face and communicating with a fuel oil supply line, and a screw means, in connection with said nozzle member support, engaging the lower end of said nozzle mem her for securing the same in position.

3. A means of the class described, including a supporting means adapted to be supported and extend into an engine cylinder, a nozzle member mounted on said supporting means and forming therewith a lurality of outwardlydirect'ed, small ori ces, and means for readil connecting and disconnecting said noz'z e member with saidsupporting means. 4. A means pf the class described. includmg a supporting means adapted to be supported and extend into an engine cylinder,

and a nozzle member quickly removably mounted on said supporting means, forming between the engaging surfaces of said m'em bers. a plurality of radial, downwardly directed orifices whereby said nozzle member may be quickly removed for cleaning said orifices.

5. A means of the class described, including a supporting means adapted to be supported and extend into an engine cylinder, a nozzle member quickly removably mounted on said supporting means, forming between the engaging surfaces of said memyou hers a plurality of radial, downwardly di rected orifices, and screw means in connection with said supporting means for quickly removably positioning said nozzle member relatively to said supporting means whereby said nozzle member may be quickly removed for cleaning said orifices.

6. A means of the class described, including a supporting member extendin through, and supported in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a nozzle member support secured to the end of said supporting member extending into the engine cylinder, a cone seat member positioned between said supporting member and said nozzle member support, and provided with a through hole and in its one end with a cone-shaped recess, and a nozzle member positioned in said nozzle member support and adapted to engage at its one end said recessed end of the cone seat ;member, form-- ing therewith a plurality of outwardly directed orifices.

7. A means of the class described, including a supporting member extending through, and supported in the cylinder head of aninte'rnal combustion engine, a nozzle member support secured to the end of said supporting member extendin into the engine cylinder, a cone seat mem lier positioned between said supporting member and said nozzle member support and provided with a through hole and in its inner end with a cone-shaped recess, a nozzle member positioned in said nozzle member-su port and adapted to engage at its outer end the inner end of the cone seat member, forming therewith a plurality of outwardly directed orifices, and a screw means for securing said no7zle member within said nozzle member support.

8. A means of the class described, including a supporting member extending through,

and supported in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a nozzle member support secured to the end of said supporting member extending into the engine cylinder, a cone seat member positioned between said supporting member and said nozzle member support, and provided with a through hole, a cone-shaped recess in its inner end communicating with said through hole, and a valve seat at the opposite end of said through hole, a nozzle member mounted in said nozzle member support and provided with a plurality of outwardly directed, small slots, forming with said cone seat member, small orifices commumcatmg and supported in the cylinder of said supporting member extending into the engine cylinder, a cone seat member positioncd between said supporting member and said nozzle member support, and provided with a through hole, a cone-shaped recess in its one end communicating with said through hole, and a valve seat at the opposite end of said through hole, a nozzle member mounted in said nozzle member support and provided with a plurality of outwardly directed, small slots, forming with said cone seat member, small orifices communicating with said through hole, a valve. operable by the engine mechanism, engaging the valve seat at the one end of said con'e seat member, said valve being adapted to control the flow of fuel oil through said small orifices, and a screw means for rigidly securing said nozzle memher in position in said nozzle member support.

. 10. In a means of the class described, the combination with an engine cylinder of a supporting member extending through and supported in the head of said engine cylinder, a nozzle member support supported at the end of said supporting member extending into the engine cylinder, a cone memberpositioned between said supporting member and said nozzle member support and provided with a hole there-through and a valve seat at one end thereof, a reciprocally mounted valve adapted to engage said valve seat, for the control of fuel oil through said opening, and a nozzle member positioned in said nozzle member support in engagement with said cone member'and provided at the engaging surface with said cone member with a plurality of downwardly directed, radial slots, forming with said cone member, small orifices, and terminating at their inner ends in a centrally raised depression. communicating with the central hole in said conemember. V

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Diego, California, this 11th day of May, 1923.

ARCHIE R. ROBBINS. 

